How Are Roller Coasters Built?

The first roller coaster built in America was thetogether. Wooden ties are then added as cross
Gravity Pleasure Switchback Railway that was putbraces to connect the sections together sturdily.
up in Coney Island in 1884. It only went 6 mph,On the ground, the last sections needed are built
but it was such a hit that the builder recoveredfirst, and then the next-to-last sections are built
his investment in less than a month.and stacked on top of them so that at the top
The Cyclone, also at Coney Island was built inof the stack are the sections needed first, and
1927 with an 85 foot drop and 60 degree angles.the last sections to be needed will be on the
No wonder it is still considered the "gold standard"bottom of the stack.
in coaster design. The first tubular steel coasterOne reason coasters are still made from wood is
was the Matterhorn Bobsled Ride built atthat wood allows the structure to have some
Disneyland in 1959. They were quieter and allowed"give," to move and stretch as the train goes by.
corkscrews and other tricks you couldn't get withA structure with no give to it would cause the
a wooden coaster.rails to wear unevenly and have to be replaced
But wooden coasters have remained popular,more often. In sharp curves where G-forces
being built ever higher. The construction ofmaximize, this bit of flexibility is necessary to
wooden roller coasters is an interesting process. Itkeep the cars from shaking too much or riders to
involves cutting many, many pieces of wood tobe injured by excessive forces. The track itself is
the correct length. Special fire inhibiting adhesive isthen made from 2 x 12 and 2 x 10 boards
spread by a caulk tube in between the layers oflaminated (layered) on top of each other. The first
lumber to inhibit the spread of a fire anywhere onlayer is secured, and then additional layers are
the coaster. The coaster is actually put togethernailed into each lower layer. The ends are
on the ground and then the pieces are put instaggered to overlap each other to ensure
place with cranes, where they are then boltedsufficient track strength.