Fishing for Better Health: The Benefits of Fish and Other Food Sources High in Omega 3 Fatty Acids

Spring is well under way and summer is fastwon't compensate for unhealthy eating habits,
approaching. It's time for kids to take out their“fish and other shellfish should be eaten as
roller blades for carefree treks down boardwalkspart of a low fat diet that includes plenty of fruits
and sidewalks. Dads will rummage through closetsand vegetables.”
for dormant baseball caps and to see if last year'sBesides boasting stroke resistant benefits, the
uniform still fits. If not playing ball he'll watch fromfatty acids of omega 3 act as “health
the sidelines, or from the comfort of his favoriteheroes” against hypertension, breast cancer,
chair. Moms, time to don old jeans, stock up onand depression. Other benefits include: less chance
sunscreen, and get out the fishing poles. Youof developing heart disease, lower risk of heart
heard me, ladies. Fishing poles! It's time to fightattack even where heart disease does exist,
back!lower blood pressure, possible improvement of
According to the American Heart Associationkidney function in severe diabetes, and possible
(AHA), stroke is the third leading cause of deathimprovement of certain inflammatory conditions
in women. Every year an estimated 97,000such as arthritis, psoriasis, and kidney disease.
American women will die as a result of stroke.In addition, nutrients found in healthy,
Statistically, every 53 seconds stroke will victimizeuncontaminated fish help to insure proper
someone in America. Of an estimated 600,000development of fetal brain, eye, and nervous
stroke victims each year about 160,000 die as atissue during pregnancy. But, caution should be
result. There is, however, an easy way totaken.
drastically reduce these statistics.According to the U.S. Food and Drug
Findings in a 14-year-long study of nearly 80,000Administration (FDA) in a recent consumer
American women indicate that eating a 3.5 ounceadvisory, pregnant women should not consume
serving of fish, two to four times a week, lowersshark, swordfish, or king mackerel or should limit
stroke risk by 27 percent. The more fishconsumption to not more than once a month.
consumed, the more impressive the percentages.These large predator fish could contain higher
Although few large-scale studies have examinedlevels of methyl mercury than the FDA limit for
this particular issue in men, experts say there issafe human consumption -- 1 part per million
no biological reason results of such studies would(1ppm). Over consumption risks damage to the
differ.fetal nervous system. Even fresh water predator
The American Medical Association (AMA) publishedspecies such as pike and walleye have been found
the study results in their January journal, 2001.to have methyl mercury levels in the 1ppm range.
There is conclusive evidence that consumption ofWhile it's true nearly all fish contain trace elements
fish high in omega 3 fatty acids hold significantof mercury, larger, older and predator fish
health benefits, including reduced thromboticaccumulate the highest levels and pose the
infarction -- a type of stroke where a blood clotgreatest threat, while younger fish caught after
blocks an artery in the brain, resulting inonly one season in polluted water have less. Even
destroyed brain tissue. (Blood clots are responsibleso, a variety of fish and other seafood that offer
for more than 80 percent of all strokes.)a naturally low fat source of protein can be an
Fish are a high source of omega 3 fatty acids,important part of a balanced diet for
nutrients that help prevent the formation of clots,mothers-to-be.
or “platelet clumping.” They do this byAccording to one FDA advisor, pregnant women
making blood less “sticky.” As a result,can consume up to 12 ounces of cooked fish
risk of thrombotic stroke is lessened, as well aseach week: shellfish, canned fish, smaller ocean
risk of embolic stroke, where the clot formsfish or farm raised fish. Farm raised rainbow trout
elsewhere in the body before traveling to theare most likely fed high protein foods containing a
brain.combination of soy and fish meal which make
Conducted at the Brigham and Women's Hospitalthem an even better source of omega 3 fatty
in Boston, Massachusetts, the study revealed thatacid. Seven ounces of canned tuna can be safely
women who ate fish once a week reduced stokeconsumed each week by pregnant women and
risk by 22 percent; two to four times a week bynursing mothers if no other fish containing
27 percent, and five or more times a week bymercury is eaten.
52 percent. Unfortunately, the average AmericanDespite FDA warnings for pregnant women, the
woman only consumes about 1.3 servings of anyresults of the survey hold wonderful news, and
type seafood weekly, at an average of 3.5women should be greatly encouraged. We now
ounces per serving. Women are not eatinghave scientific proof that there is a positive step
enough fish!available toward reducing the risk of stroke. Even
Penny Kris Etherton, Ph.D., a heart diseaseif you don't like fish, consuming just one 3.5 ounce
researcher at the State University in Pennsylvania,serving one or two times a month can reduce
has long extolled the virtues of eating fish forrisk of stroke by 7 percent.
health purposes. “I clearly tell people to eatCertain kinds of fish are more beneficial than
fish and shellfish regularly to lower the risk ofothers. For instance, because Alaska is relatively
heart disease.”unpopulated there is little industry to pollute the
National Fisheries Institute (NFI) President, Richardstreams and ocean. Lack of pollution combined
E. Gutting, Jr., agrees. “The benefits of eatingwith the earth's water and air circulation patterns
fish continue to mount as more studies aremake Alaska's pristine waters, and consequently
conducted,” he noted. Gutting also said thatits seafood among the cleanest in the world.
women of all ages “should enjoy the varietyNumerous studies support this assertion. In 1998
and great taste of fish and seafood on a regularthe Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) did a
basis.”survey of seafood from the waters of Cook
How the fish is prepared is important, as omega 3Inlet, located near Anchorage, Alaska. Results
fatty acids can be destroyed by heat, air, andindicate that fin fish and shellfish caught in Cook
light. NFI recommends not overcooking the meatInlet were cleaner than any the EPA had ever
and the use of low fat cooking methods: baking,tested. In addition, plentiful Alaska Salmon, one of
broiling, poaching, steaming, stir-frying, grilling, orthe richest natural sources of omega 3 fatty acid
sautéing. Cook just until the point of donenessavailable, are not among the publicized
for maximum benefit. Avoid deep-frying, as it not“endangered” varieties of salmon.
only destroys more omega 3, but also adds toAlthough light meat fish such as perch, flounder,
the total fat content.and whiting have only about 0.5 grams of omega
If eating fish isn't your cup of tea, you might try3 fatty acid per 4 ounce serving, fish varieties
fish oil supplements. Most experts do not advisewith dark meat such as salmon, mackerel,
the routine use of fish oil supplements, however,sardines, and bluefish contain roughly three times
for two reasons:the amount of protective stroke reducing omega
1.) possible side effects -- fishy breath,3 fatty acid. Fresh tuna, striped bass, and rainbow
gastrointestinal upset, and easy bruising. 2.) a falsesmelt are also rich sources. So if you're going to
sense of security derived from taking fish oil forlimit fish intake, a dark meat fish is your best
heath purposes, when the diet itself may bechoice.
unhealthy.Whether for purposes of hobby or health, fishing
Besides fish and fish oil supplements, other goodis relaxing and something the whole family can
omega 3 fatty acid sources include canola oil,enjoy together. This fun “sport” has the
flaxseed oil, soybean oil, certain nuts andpotential to enhance your health and your
vegetables, and tofu. However, one would havemarriage.
to eat at least several times the normal amountSo, go ahead! Get a fishing license, grab a pole,
of any of these other sources to gain the sameand hit the shoreline. Eat “the fruits of your
benefit from one regular size serving of fish.labor” five times a week to reduce stroke
Institute of Food Technologist, Joyce Nettleton, D.risk by as much as 52 percent. Then brag about
Sc., R.D. suggests that because eating fish alonethe “big one” that got away!